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2017-2-27 · Due to the tremendous advantages of extensive source and low cost, biodegradable and environment friendly, high amylose content and flocculation performance of legume starch, the copolymers of different legume starches grafted with acrylamide (St-g-AM) were experimentally studied and discussed comparatively. Meanwhile, the mung bean starch (MBS) was discovered which exhibits …
Get Price2021-1-15 · Synthesis of starch-g- polyacrylamide copolymer and its nanocomposite with Fe 3 O 4 and GO. Starch-g- polyacrylamide copolymer was prepared by dispersing 3 g of starch in 75 ml distilled water then gelatinizing it at 100 °C for 15 min. In a test tube, 0.3 g (CAN) was dissolved in 1 M HNO 3 then added to the gelatinized starch. The reaction mixture was stirred at 60 °C under nitrogen atmosphere …
Get Price2012-11-1 · The algal flocculation efficacy of polyacrylamide grafted starch can be well explored for commercial algal harvesting. The very low dosage (e.g. 0.8 ppm) of the flocculant required is an added advantage as it is not expected to interfere with the product quality of the harvested algal biomass. The harvested algal biomass can be used for industrial applications (e.g. biodiesel production) or for food security (e.g…
Get Price2018-6-15 · Compared to two typical polyacrylamide-based polymers, Magnafloc ® LT22S and Superfloc ® A-100, at an alum dose of 0.95 mg Al/L, activated starch could reach a similarly optimal unit filter run volume (∼116 m 3 /m 2), while the required dose (0.48 mg/L) was approximately 2–10 times higher than those for the other two types of polymers. Since polymer cost has been reported to be a minimal proportion of the total chemical cost at a water treatment plant, activated starch …
Get Price2017-11-1 · In the split injection procedure (Fig. 1A), preflocculation was initiated by dosing with a starch polymer (Hydrex 3842, a moderate-high-MW (<10 6)) polymer with low anionic charge density (2.40 meq/g) over 2 min (G = 165 s −1). The starch dosage was equally divided: 50% at the onset of preflocculation and 50% after 1 min. Silica sand with d 50 of 160 μm was also injected at time 0 during …
Get PriceIntrinsic viscosity was measured to determine the molecular weight of starch-g-polyacrylamide by using the correlation between intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight. This correlation was known the Mark Houwink equation [7]: η = KMva (1) where, K = 6.31 x 10-3 g/ml dan a = 0.8 for PAm in water
Get Price2017-10-6 · starch-g-PAAm at pH 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 were found 920, 972, 1140, 1202, 1265 and 2350 respectively. For polyacrylamide these values were found 1795, 1870, 1988, 2390, 2714 and 4207. The swelling behavior of PAAm, starch-g-PAAm and saponified starch-g-PAAm hydrogels are presented in figure 2. The saponified
Get Price2009-9-5 · The amphoteric starch-graft-polyacrylamide (S-g-PAM) can be used as the flocculant and the results of disposing several kinds of waste water are shown in Table 2. It can be seen that suspended substance (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color removal ratio of the waste water treated with the amphoteric product were better than those of cationic PAM, hydrolytic PAM and amphoteric PAM.
Get Price2017-11-16 · 2.2 Gelatinization of starch Firstly, starch was dried in a hot air oven at 60 C for at least 4 h and then the required amount (2 g) of starch was added to a 500-mL three-necked round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer. This flask was kept in an oil bath maintained at 60 C as the swelling temperature of 766 Pet. Sci. (2017) 14:765–779 123
Get Price2017-10-6 · starch-g-PAAm at pH 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 were found 920, 972, 1140, 1202, 1265 and 2350 respectively. For polyacrylamide these values were found 1795, 1870, 1988, 2390, 2714 and 4207. The swelling behavior of PAAm, starch-g-PAAm and saponified starch-g-PAAm hydrogels are presented in figure 2. The saponified
Get Price1993-2-15 · Composites of starch‐g‐polyacrylamide, starch, and polyacrylamide have been prepared by gamma radiation‐initiated polymerization of acrylamide in the presence of starch in aqueous medium. The polymerization was studied as a function of the (i) amount of water (ii) monomer concentration, and (iii) total dose. The optimum conditions for maximum conversion of the monomer to homopolymer and ...
Get Price2018-6-15 · Activated starch polymer manufactured from potato starch is recognized to be non-toxic, biodegradable, and cost-effective (Lapointe & Barbeau 2015).To activate the product, dry starch polymer needs to be dissolved into water using a high shear rotating impeller (approximately 3,000–3,500 rpm) until a homogeneous solution is obtained in approximately 15–30 min.
Get Price2020-1-17 · The preparation of starch-g-PAm was carried out with redox initiation process (synthesizing of non-terminated polyacrylamide (nt-PAM)) and then followed by grafting of the nt-PAM onto several kinds of starch. Polymerization of Acrylamide was initiated by adding K 2S 2O 8 and TMEDA, respectively and was done for 30 min at 30oC. This reaction ...
Get Price2020-10-31 · Abstract. Cross-linked potato starch (StMBA) and starch-g-polyacrylamide materials with a high content of natural polymer from 60 to 90 wt.% (St60-St90) were synthesized by double chemical-chemical modification (grafting and cross-linking). Eco-friendly starch absorbents were tested for removal of Cu2+ and Fe3+ from aqueous solutions.
Get Pricenew kind of dry-strength agent (CMS-g-PAM) was developed via grafting polyacrylamide onto carboxymethyl starch (CMS). Effects of the operation conditions, including the CMS-g-PAM dosage, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) dosage, and pH value of pulp system, on the properties of …
Get PriceBy means of grafting polymerization, cross-linked starch-g-polyacrylamide (starch-g-PAM) was prepared and used to adsorb methylene blue (MB). Adsorption isotherm and kinetic of the sorption process were studied. The experimental results demonstrated that the prepared starch-g-PAM was an effective adsorbent for removal of MB from aqueous solution.
Get PriceIn the present invention, starch-g-polyacrylamide or micro-crystalline cellulose-g-polyacrylamide is used as basic polymer, which has hydroxyl and amide groups and branched structure, properly distributed flocculating functional groups, and hence facilitates 'bridging' in the course of flocculation.
Get Price2010-7-1 · Moreover, the oil removal efficiency was a little higher than that under the solo-addition of P(AM-DMDAAC-BA). This observation indicated that adding soluble starch could lower the operating cost significantly while ensure the degreasing effect of the organic flocculant, owing to the low cost of soluble starch…
Get Price2021-4-1 · Polyacrylamide hydrogel with 30wt% natural rubber (30NR) could absorb water 15200%. • The compressive modulus of NR-g-PAM improved via physical chain entanglement of NR.The maximum adsorption capacity of 30NR toward methylene blue (MB) was 538.3 mg/g.
Get PriceSTARCH/POLYACRYLAMIDE GRAFT COPOLYMERS – THE MANUFACTURE AND FLOCCULATION EFFICIENCY VALUATION ... tractive raw material with biodegradable properties and low cost because of com-mon, naturally occurring. Starch is composed of two different types of polymers: ... to the smectite clays family. The interlayer cations (e.g. Na +) of these ...
Get Price1993-2-15 · Composites of starch‐g‐polyacrylamide, starch, and polyacrylamide have been prepared by gamma radiation‐initiated polymerization of acrylamide in the presence of starch in aqueous medium. The polymerization was studied as a function of the (i) amount of water (ii) monomer concentration, and (iii) total dose. The optimum conditions for maximum conversion of the monomer to homopolymer and ...
Get PriceMicroalgae may be the source of high amount of lipid and protein. It has the property for carbon dioxide sequestration, recycling and also can remove pollutants from wastewater. Using traditional methods, collection of algal biomass is either cost effective, time consuming or may be toxic due to use …
Get PriceStarch-graft-polyacrylamide (St-g-PAM) was prepared using a salt media polymerization technique, and characterized by FITR. The type of starch and the synthesis method of different system were studied through the mass of product, the percentage of grafting (PG) and the monomer conversion (MC), and the difference polymerization system. The results showed that the pretreated starch and the salt ...
Get PriceStudy of polyacrylamide grafted starch based algal flocculation towards applications in algal biomass harvesting. Banerjee C(1), Gupta P, Mishra S, Sen G, Shukla P, Bandopadhyay R. Author information: (1)Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi-835215, Jharkhand, India.
Get Price2020-1-17 · The preparation of starch-g-PAm was carried out with redox initiation process (synthesizing of non-terminated polyacrylamide (nt-PAM)) and then followed by grafting of the nt-PAM onto several kinds of starch. Polymerization of Acrylamide was initiated by adding K 2S 2O 8 and TMEDA, respectively and was done for 30 min at 30oC. This reaction ...
Get PriceA cationic polyacrylamide-grafted starch (St-g-CPAM) flocculant for the coal slurry wastewater, was prepared by using corn starch and acrylamide (AM) as monomers, ethylene methyl propenoyl trimethylammonium chloride (DMC) as cationic monomer through solution polymerization. The effects of initiator concentration, reaction temperature, and monomer concentration on percentage of grafting …
Get PriceA polyacrylamide-grafted starch (St-g-AM-DMC-AMPS) flocculant for the coal slurry wastewater was prepared by using corn starch (St), acrylamide (AM), methyl acryloyloxyethy trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) as cationic monomer, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl acrylate sulfonic acid (AMPS) as anionic monomer through solution polymerization. The structure of the synthesized St-g-AM-DMC-AMPS was ...
Get PriceA polyacrylamide-grafted starch (St-g-PAM) flocculant for the coal slurry wastewater, was prepared by using corn starch and acrylamide (AM) as monomers through solution polymerization. The structure of the synthesized St-g-PAM was characterized by FT-IR and TG. The effects of initiator concentration, reaction temperature, and monomer concentration on percentage of grafting and the grafting ...
Get Pricenew kind of dry-strength agent (CMS-g-PAM) was developed via grafting polyacrylamide onto carboxymethyl starch (CMS). Effects of the operation conditions, including the CMS-g-PAM dosage, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) dosage, and pH value of pulp system, on the properties of …
Get PriceSTARCH/POLYACRYLAMIDE GRAFT COPOLYMERS – THE MANUFACTURE AND FLOCCULATION EFFICIENCY VALUATION ... tractive raw material with biodegradable properties and low cost because of com-mon, naturally occurring. Starch is composed of two different types of polymers: ... to the smectite clays family. The interlayer cations (e.g. Na +) of these ...
Get PriceMicroalgae may be the source of high amount of lipid and protein. It has the property for carbon dioxide sequestration, recycling and also can remove pollutants from wastewater. Using traditional methods, collection of algal biomass is either cost effective, time consuming or may be toxic due to use …
Get PriceStudy of polyacrylamide grafted starch based algal flocculation towards applications in algal biomass harvesting. Banerjee C(1), Gupta P, Mishra S, Sen G, Shukla P, Bandopadhyay R. Author information: (1)Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi-835215, Jharkhand, India.
Get PriceStarch-graft-polyacrylamide (St-g-PAM) was prepared using a salt media polymerization technique, and characterized by FITR. The type of starch and the synthesis method of different system were studied through the mass of product, the percentage of grafting (PG) and the monomer conversion (MC), and the difference polymerization system. The results showed that the pretreated starch and the salt ...
Get PriceFTIR spectra of maize starch (MS), acrylamide grafted maize starch (Pam-g-MS), and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide grafted maize starch (HPam-g-MS). In the spectrum of Pam-g-MS the peaks at 3634.01 cm −1 , 3399.45 cm −1 and 3206.08 cm −1 are observed, which can be assigned to the overlap of N H stretching band of amide groups of acrylamide and
Get PriceA cationic polyacrylamide-grafted starch (St-g-CPAM) flocculant for the coal slurry wastewater, was prepared by using corn starch and acrylamide (AM) as monomers, ethylene methyl propenoyl trimethylammonium chloride (DMC) as cationic monomer through solution polymerization. The effects of initiator concentration, reaction temperature, and monomer concentration on percentage of grafting …
Get Price2017-2-3 · Step 1 was to prepare cross-linked starch, which was the same as step 1 of ISX. Step 2 was the preparation of cross-linked starch-grafted polyacrylamide (CSA). 3.0 g of crosslinked starch was mixed with 50 mL of distilled water to prepare starch slurry at 80 °C in a water bath. Then, 6.0 g of AM monomer and 10
Get PriceA polyacrylamide-grafted starch (St-g-PAM) flocculant for the coal slurry wastewater, was prepared by using corn starch and acrylamide (AM) as monomers through solution polymerization. The structure of the synthesized St-g-PAM was characterized by FT-IR and TG. The effects of initiator concentration, reaction temperature, and monomer concentration on percentage of grafting and the grafting ...
Get PriceBiopolymer-based superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are being synthesized and investigated as a biodegradable alternative for an entirely synthetic SAPs, particularly those based on acrylic acid and its derivatives. This article focuses on the chemical modification of starch (S), and synthesis of new potentially biodegradable polymers using acrylic acid (AA) as side chain monomer and crosslinking ...
Get Price2020-9-23 · The cost included the flocculant and excipient (the excipient containing a mixture of rice husks and wood chips) as shown in Table 2. Accordingly, CDF was three times cheaper than PAM in total cost, which was only 54,240RMB in disposing 900 tons of sludge. Therefore, the CDF was promising in dewatering sludge and composting fermentation.
Get PriceSTARCH/POLYACRYLAMIDE GRAFT COPOLYMERS – THE MANUFACTURE AND FLOCCULATION EFFICIENCY VALUATION ... tractive raw material with biodegradable properties and low cost because of com-mon, naturally occurring. Starch is composed of two different types of polymers: ... to the smectite clays family. The interlayer cations (e.g. Na +) of these ...
Get PriceMicroalgae may be the source of high amount of lipid and protein. It has the property for carbon dioxide sequestration, recycling and also can remove pollutants from wastewater. Using traditional methods, collection of algal biomass is either cost effective, time consuming or may be toxic due to use …
Get PriceFTIR spectra of maize starch (MS), acrylamide grafted maize starch (Pam-g-MS), and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide grafted maize starch (HPam-g-MS). In the spectrum of Pam-g-MS the peaks at 3634.01 cm −1 , 3399.45 cm −1 and 3206.08 cm −1 are observed, which can be assigned to the overlap of N H stretching band of amide groups of acrylamide and
Get Price2012-12-24 · main issues-fewer varieties, process complexity and high cost-limit their wider application in the petrochemical industry. Thus, much research attention has been transferred to new fabrication technolo-gies of cationic polymers by reactions between cationic etherifying agents and less expensive starch, cellulose, or polyacrylamide [6,7].
Get PriceAnionic Polyacrylamide is widely used in Oil & Gas, water treatment, textile, printing and dyeing, papermaking, mineral processing, coal washing, medicine, sugar, breeding, building materials, agriculture and other industries. It is known as the most widely used additive. Anionic polyacrylamide is the generic name for a group of very high ...
Get Price2020-9-23 · The cost included the flocculant and excipient (the excipient containing a mixture of rice husks and wood chips) as shown in Table 2. Accordingly, CDF was three times cheaper than PAM in total cost, which was only 54,240RMB in disposing 900 tons of sludge. Therefore, the CDF was promising in dewatering sludge and composting fermentation.
Get PriceBiopolymer-based superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are being synthesized and investigated as a biodegradable alternative for an entirely synthetic SAPs, particularly those based on acrylic acid and its derivatives. This article focuses on the chemical modification of starch (S), and synthesis of new potentially biodegradable polymers using acrylic acid (AA) as side chain monomer and crosslinking ...
Get Price2016-10-6 · Based on Figure 1, the starch-based flocculant not only effectively removed turbidity but it also disrupted bacterial cells. The flocculation and sterilization mechanisms can be both attributed to the effective electrostatic interactions between the cationic tertiary amine groups of CMS- g -APAM and the negatively charged surface of the two ...
Get PriceStarch is the most researched natural polymer for coating material due to its availability and low cost. Rychter et al. [ 64 ] prepared a starch based CRF with urea acting as the plasticizer. It was shown that plasticizer reduces moisture content, which affects the mechanical properties and crystallinity of …
Get Pricemer flocculant (polyacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) was effective at 1 ppm, the lower cost of starches should ... cost of the reactant (sodium phosphate) is low. Starch phosphates were shown to be helpful in the sedimen- ... g) for starch phosphates in water are given in Table 2. Values of M w and R g for
Get Price2016-10-6 · Based on Figure 1, the starch-based flocculant not only effectively removed turbidity but it also disrupted bacterial cells. The flocculation and sterilization mechanisms can be both attributed to the effective electrostatic interactions between the cationic tertiary amine groups of CMS- g -APAM and the negatively charged surface of the two ...
Get Price2020-4-19 · Technical Abstract: Graft copolymers of starch and polyacrylamide (PAAm) were prepared by reactive extrusion using a co-rotating twin screw extruder and ammonium persulfate initiator. Feed rates were 109 g/min to 325 g/min (all components) at a moisture content of 50%, with screw speeds in the range 100 rpm to 300 rpm.
Get Price2021-7-1 · Fig. 6 Horizontal starch gel of partially purified G-6-PD. Phosphate ... This manual describes fast, low-cost biochemical procedures ... During electrophoresis the mixture of enzymes from a megagametophyte or embryo of a germinated seed separates in a gel. ... polyacrylamide, or starch... gel electrophoresis synonyms, ...
Get Price2019-8-16 · Cassava starch has been modified successfully and electrophoresis run through the starch gel but the bands of the DNA sample and ladder were not visible. Troubleshooting the methods used in this experimental project for visibility of the bands. Starch modification needs some improvement to optimize the gelling properties to replace agarose.
Get Price2021-7-3 · The energy cost of apoplastic unloading is replaced by the more effective cost of symplastic unloading. Sucrose is the dominant photosynthate in cassava phloem exudates, and carbohydrates (mainly starch) accumulate rapidly during the early and middle developmental stages of cassava storage roots, while they accumulate slowly during the late ...
Get Price2004-10-15 · Abstract. Tissues of wheat (Triticum aestivum L., var. Star) exhibit three starch phosphorylase activity forms resolved by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel affinity electrophoresis (P1, P2 and P3).Compartmentation analysis of young leaf tissues showed that P3 is plastidic, whereas P1 and P2 are cytosolic. P1 exhibits a strong binding affinity to immobilized glycogen upon electrophoresis ...
Get PriceNonionic-polyacrylamide for acidophilic water systems. If matched with PAC, aluminum sulphate, the effect will be excellent. 3. Metallurgical & Mineral Dressing. Floatation and Smelting of Zinc, Manganese and Copper Mine. 4. Textile. Textile Sizing. As a kind of composition for chemical grout, starch textiles
Get Price2017-12-4 · Synthesis, characterization and application of a novel starch-based flocculant with high flocculation and dewatering properties Jian-Ping Wanga,b, Shi-Jie Yuana, Yi Wangb,*, Han-Qing Yua aDepartment of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China bDepartment of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, …
Get Price2007-10-1 · Using anionic AKD drastically reduces the cost of transporting AKD to a mill. In practice, AKD emulsions are stabilized by more than one stabilizer. Often, besides cationic starch, lignosulphonates are used as stabilizers, resulting in amphoteric particles (Johansson and Lindstrom, 2004b).
Get Price2011-1-1 · The physical mixture of native cassava starch and PAN was hydrolyzed by NaOH solution to yield starch-poly(sodium acrylate-co-acrylamide) superabsorbent hydrogel. The agricultural performance of the hydrogel – soil mixture samples in which maize seedlings have been planted were measured as a function of hydrogel loading and compared with the values obtained in the control in which hydrogel ...
Get Price2019-7-31 · Pectin-g-polyacrylamide(denotedasPec-g-PAAm)andpectin-g-polyacrylicacid(denotedasPec-g-PAA)weresynthesizedusing ... because the cost of stainless steel good enough to resist corrosion is far too great. ere are ... of natural polymers like starch, chitosan, alginate, pectin,
Get PriceNonionic-polyacrylamide for acidophilic water systems. If matched with PAC, aluminum sulphate, the effect will be excellent. 3. Metallurgical & Mineral Dressing. Floatation and Smelting of Zinc, Manganese and Copper Mine. 4. Textile. Textile Sizing. As a kind of composition for chemical grout, starch textiles
Get PriceSynthesis of amphoteric starch-based grafting flocculants. 2014-05-15· Read 'Synthesis of amphoteric starch-based grafting flocculants for flocculation of both positively and negatively charged colloidal contaminants from water, Chemical Engineering Journal' on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
Get Price2014-4-5 · Starch is widely consumed by humans as an inexpensive and stable available carbohydrate source, and much work has been performed on the structure, functionality and applicability of starches. Although conventional sources of starch, such as corn and potato, other sources with improved properties are becoming significant to allow simpler and more robust processes.
Get Price2015-3-26 · Alpha-amylase is a very important enzyme in the starch conversion process. Most of the α-amylases are calcium-dependent and exhibit poor performance in the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process of industrial bioethanol production that uses starch as feedstock. In this study, an extracellular amylolytic enzyme was purified from the culture broth of newly isolated Talaromyces ...
Get Price2017-6-16 · G M R ing C rush Index (N m /g) Unfilled Liner C ontrol (W ithout S tarch) Unm od. C lay C ontrol with C ati Modified Clay (Unm odified Starch) Modified Clay (Low Visc. Star c Modified Clay (Proprietary Polym er) Tensile Index (G eom etric M ean) vs. C lay C ontent 35 45 55 65 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Filler Content in Sheet (% ) G M Tensile Index ...
Get Price2018-5-11 · A series of novel amphoteric starch-based grafting flocculants, SCPAMPAA, have been successfully synthesized in this current work. The novel flocculants demonstrate high flocculation performance with low optimal dosage, wide flocculation window and low pH sensitivity in the removal of different types of colloidal contaminants with even opposite surface charges from water.
Get PricePolímeros Print version ISSN 0104-1428On-line version ISSN 1678-5169 Polímeros vol.28 no.2 São Carlos Apr./June 2018 Epub May 21, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1590/0104 ...
Get Price2020-7-22 · The authors have fabricated novel flower-like Bi 24 O 31 Br 10 micro/nanospheres by a polyacrylamide gel method. The crystal structure, microstructure, bandgap, morphology, and optical property of the as-prepared Bi 24 O 31 Br 10 micro/nanospheres were investigated by multiple techniques. The Bi 24 O 31 Br 10 photocatalyst exhibits excellent photocatalytic performance for the …
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